What is Alkalinity? - Wastewater Digest
WEBSep 14, 2022 · Alkalinity is a measure of water’s ability to resist pH changes that lead to acidity, or to neutralize acids, and maintain a fairly stable pH. This ability is usually referred to as water’s “buffering capacity”. The presence of certain chemicals, including hydroxides, carbonates, and bicarbonates, affects water’s alkalinity.
What is Total Suspended Solids (TSS)? - Wastewater Digest
WEBSep 9, 2021 · TSS stands for total suspended solids, and refers to waterborne particles that exceed 2 microns in size. Any particle that is smaller than 2 microns, on the other hand, is considered a total dissolved solid (TDS). The majority of total suspended solids comprise of inorganic materials; however, algae and bacteria may also be considered TSS.
What is Coagulation for Water Treatment? - Wastewater Digest
WEBMar 8, 2022 · Coagulation treatment is usually carried out before sedimentation and filtration. During the process, a coagulant is added to water, and its positive charge neutralizes the negative charge of suspended contaminants. Neutralization causes suspended particles to bind together (hence the term). In clumps known as “flocs”, these …
What is Wastewater? | Wastewater Digest
WEBDec 1, 2021 · Wastewater is used water that has been affected by domestic, industrial and commercial use. The composition of all wastewaters is thus constantly changing and highly variable, which is why it is so difficult to pinpoint a singular definition of the word itself. The composition of wastewater is 99.9% water and the remaining 0.1% is what is removed.
What is Aeration for Wastewater Treatment?
WEBMar 17, 2022 · Aeration is an activated sludge process, promoting microbial growth in the wastewater. The microbes then feed on organic material, forming flocks which easily settle out. Once settled in a separate settling tank, bacteria forming the "activated sludge" flocks are continually recirculated back to the aeration basin, increasing decomposition rates.
What is Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)? - Wastewater Digest
WEBOct 27, 2021 · Sources of BOD. Sources of biological oxygen demand include leaves and woody debris; dead plants and animals; animal manure; effluents from pulp and paper mills, wastewater treatment plants, feedlots, and food-processing plants; failing septic systems; and urban storm water runoff.. One of the most important nutrients affecting BOD in …
What is Wastewater Treatment? | Wastewater Digest
WEBMar 11, 2021 · About the author: Cristina Tuser is Associate Editor for WWD. Tuser can be reached at [email protected].. Wastewater treatment is the process of converting wastewater into water that can be discharged back into the environment.. According to the U.S. EPA, one of the most common forms of pollution control in the U.S. is wastewater …
The Onsite Revolution: New Technology, Better Solutions
WEBDec 28, 2000 · The Onsite Revolution: New Technology, Better Solutions. Dec. 28, 2000. Decentralized Systems. About the author: Stephen P. Dix, P.E. has served as director of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's National Small Flows Clearinghouse and as a technical advisor for the National Environmental Training Center for Small …
What is a Pump Station? - Wastewater Digest
WEBApr 13, 2022 · A pump station works by collecting sewage or wastewater and storing it in a chamber. When the collected sewage reaches the maximum level, the sewage is lifted through a discharge system using a high-pressure integral pump. The liquid is then pumped into a sewage treatment works or gravity sewer. A float switch or a liquid level sensor is …
What is Effluent? - Wastewater Digest
WEBOct 27, 2021 · Effluent is sewage that has been treated in a septic tank or sewage treatment plant. It is also referred to as “trade effluent” or “wastewater.”. Effluent is waste other than waste from kitchens or toilets, surface water or domestic sewage. It can be produced and discharged by any industrial or commercial premises.