The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

Every hurricane season, the National Hurricane Center and local officials encourage residents to be prepared and stay informed. Staying informed includes knowing what's out there, the potential for ...

FARGO — Latitude and longitude are imaginary lines over the globe, the intersections of which are unique to every place in the world. It forms a grid of roughly, but not quite perfect, spherical ...

The Arctic is warming much faster than the rest of the planet, a phenomenon called Arctic amplification. The enhanced warming results in a massive loss in sea ice and snow cover, which in turn ...

Satellite navigation and radio communication system performance are degraded when radio waves traverse the ionosphere in the presence of the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) gradients and ...