Slavery gave rise to a hierarchical society ... His Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877 (Harper & Row, 1988) won the Bancroft Prize and the Francis Parkman Prize.

After the Emancipation Proclamation, when Union troops began to fight for the abolishment of slavery, Northern attitudes ... and with the end of Reconstruction in 1877, white supremacy became ...

Chicago Mayor Brandon Johnson signed an executive order Monday to establish a Reparations Task Force to develop a reparations ...

So, here, in plain fact, is what I mean: The very notion of whiteness is relatively recent in our human history, linked to the rise of European colonialism and the Atlantic slave trade in the 17th ...

Between 1863 and 1877, the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments ended slavery, granted citizenship to everyone born or naturalized ...

From the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 until the end of Reconstruction in 1877, supreme courts in former slave states decided approximately 700 lawsuits associated with the struggle ...

Senator Preston, on whom he relied, was what is called a whole-souled gentleman, but still a chivalric champion of the slave-holders; and Calhoun, of whom he speaks with praise, was the great ...

The American South was a "slave society", not merely a society with ... But following the collapse of Reconstruction in 1877, Southern states brought them back. Black codes became the bedrock ...

As Democrats attempt to flip the state for a second presidential election, many don’t know that the Democratic Party once dominated politics in Georgia, though in a very different form. For most of ...

With Kamala Harris’s concession, America stands at a crossroads, deciding whether to return to the foundations of White ...

Where so much of the analytic scholarship on party politics emphasizes the power of social forces, Alan makes his main actors slaves to the existing political landscape if but only if they fail to ...

Emancipating New York: The Politics of Slavery and Freedom 1777-1827 (Baton Rouge: LSU Press, 2006). Link to publication Jim Crow New York: A Documentary History of Race and Citizenship, 1777-1877, co ...