Vesicles initially contain the same salt solution as the extracellular space, with high concentrations of chloride (Cl -) and sodium (Na +). For glutamatergic synaptic vesicles, chloride ions must be ...

Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say they unexpectedly found new information about a protein's special role in getting brain cells to communicate at the right time and place in experiments with ...

After synaptic transmission, fused synaptic vesicles are recycled, enabling the synapse to recover its capacity for renewed release. The recovery steps, which range from endocytosis to vesicle docking ...

Inside the brain is a dense network of neurons that receive, process, and relay information. The synapse, where neurons meet, ...

Researchers have used cryo-electron tomography to uncover new details of the molecular structure of synaptic vesicles, which help transport neurotransmitters in the brain. The study could inform ...

For all its mysteries, the brain can sometimes be described through simple metaphors. For example, communication between neurons works in many ways like a busy shipping depot: components come in, ...

Video depiction of vesicle fusion and tethering. In the active zone in the central left of the video, docked vesicles (dark blue) fuse with the membrane, releasing their contents and being quickly ...

Synaptic vesicle proteins, notably the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein family (SV2A, SV2B and SV2C), play a pivotal role in the regulation of neurotransmitter release and the modulation of neuronal ...

In A, researchers used a fluorescent protein (synaptopHluorin) to visualize synaptic vesicle movement. Some vesicles stay open briefly before retrieval (kiss-and-run). Others stay open longer but also ...

Presynaptic endocytic machinery is constitutively deployed to periactive zones, indicating independent assembly pathways for the exo- and endocytic machineries of nerve terminals.

How do we think, feel, remember, or move? These processes involve synaptic transmission, in which chemical signals are transmitted between nerve cells using molecular containers called vesicles. Now, ...

Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Researchers led by Uljana Kravčenko and her colleagues in the lab of Professor Misha Kudryashev, Group Leader of the In Situ ...